English Society in the Nineteenth Century in Conan Doyles Works :: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Silver Band Essays

English Society in the Nineteenth Century in Conan Doyle's Works For my article I have chosen to examine Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Dotted Band, Silver Blaze and Last Problem. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories were first distributed in the London magazine The Strand in 1892. All the narratives were kept generally short since they must be distributed in the magazine. When the Sherlock Holmes story The Final Problem there was an enormous open out cry of stun and loathsomeness to the passing of the character they had got extremely joined to in the course of the last 5 - 7 years. His accounts were of a analyst sort. The Victorian time frame was for the most part based on a class framework nearly pyramid like. At the base there was the individuals who couldn't bolster themselves, for example Homeless people and so forth. Further up there was the lower class that worked in the production lines and could pretty much help them. On the same degree of the lower class were the workers. The following level up was the Laborers who worked for/with the common laborers and high societies. The Working class were the following ones up they were the Doctors and so on, for example Dr Watson. The following class up was the working class; they lived off legacy and possessed processing plants. High society claimed a ton of land and industrial facilities they lived in the nation. Next up were the Aristocrats, masters, women and so forth these individuals didn't have to work, they were the ones one stage down from the King or sovereign. Ladies and offspring of higher classes didn't need to work, the kids got decent training and the ladies remained at home. Yet the lower classed ladies and youngsters needed to work in manufacturing plants to bolster their families. Modern unrest gave the lower classes a wellspring of cash in the urban areas, the vast majority left the nation life to live in the urban areas and get more cash-flow. They lived in poor lodging conditions called ghettos and brought in minimal expenditure, some even depended on wrongdoing. At the point when Sir Arthur Conan Doyle composed Sherlock Holmes many individuals had lost confidence in the London police, as there was a great deal of defilement, Sherlock shows this by demonstrating that he is a great deal cleverer than the police power. He truly shows the police up to no degree. The accounts are written in first individual by Dr.Watson who utilizes his notes and memory to keep in touch with them. All the tales depend on investigator classification with an exceptionally huge contort at long last and signs that solitary Sherlock gets on. Sherlock Holmes' character fits consummately in his group as

Sport specialization in children

Game specialization in youngsters Youth Sport Specialization Dynamic Youngsters ought to be urged to take part in various physical exercises to build up a wide scope of abilities. Wellbeing is a significant factor of why sport specialization is such a major research point. This paper will take a gander at the exploration to decide at what age is the most advantageous for a young competitor to have practical experience in one game. The term â€Å"sport specialization† is characterized as extreme all year preparing in a solitary game with the prohibition of different games at an exceptionally youthful age. The legend of the best way to ace an expertise is 10,000 hours of training will be taken a gander at and what influences that may have on youngster instead of an increasingly full grown competitor. Catchphrases: Sport specialization, all year preparing, burnout. Youth sport cooperation demonstrates a remunerating experience for youthful competitors in which they can create mental, social, and physical advantages. It can likewise for certain competitors fill in as a chance to develop athletic ability comparatively to class developing information. The issue is that athletic ability advancement and the procedure how that happens is misjudged and it regularly brings about unsatisfactory practices. Game specialization is one way that youthful athletic ability can be mishandled. Game specialization has been continuing for quite a long time. With the new innovation and advances in the clinical field new research has been proceeding to figure out what is the fitting age bunch an individual should begin having some expertise in their particular game to one day accomplish an expert agreement. â€Å"Sport researchers have announced that there are basic periods in the life of a youthful competitor in which the impacts of preparing can be maximized† (Leite Sampaio, 2012). In the course of the most recent twenty years the act of spend significant time in one game on an all year premise has expanded. In a review of 152 secondary schools athletic chiefs more than 70 percent of them felt that sport specialization was on the ascent (Hill Simons, 1989). A portion of the significant variables contributing the expansion in sport specialization included: pressure from mentors, athlete’s need to take an interest in titles, an accentuation on specialization in t he region the competitor lived, the exclusive standards of guardians, and support from school scouts. The specific number of youthful competitors practicing today isn't actually known despite the fact that exploration shows that it is on the ascent. Worries over specialization incorporate that athletic exhibition can't be limited to a particular age in youth and associate straightforwardly to execution at a later age. As indicated by Weirsma, â€Å"98% of competitors who practice will never arrive at the most elevated levels of the game (2000). From the viewpoint of human science early specialization can detach the youthful competitor from companions and block typical character improvement. Early specialization is additionally thought to be identified with an expansion in burnout or withdrawal from sport because of delayed pressure. One of the speculations snatched by star specialization individuals is Ericsson’s 10,000 hours of conscious practice (1996). The most significant inquiry is what age should youthful competitors have practical experience in a particular game? Analysts and experts are worried that specialization is occurring at excessively youthful of an age. Primer proof shows that early specialization has little favorable circumstances, yet it might likewise have negative mental, social, and physical consequences for small children. The American Academy of Pediatrics (2000) request alert with regards to early specialization. They additionally stress the significance of giving youthful competitors and mentors suggestions and information to assist them with maintaining a strategic distance from the negative impacts of early specialization. One of the key terms utilized in sport specialization is â€Å"year-round training†. This term is utilized for youthful competitors who are engaged with A.A.U. or then again club sports that work outside of a student’s school group activities. This is found in b-ball, volleyball, and soccer. Swimming and acrobatic are the exceptions with regards to sports. Aerobatic is demonstrated that a youngster at a more youthful age is increasingly adaptable and can show train their bodies to partake in the game at elevated level at a youthful age. Most competitors who devote their young lives to tumbling will stop when they hit adolescence because of their body not having the option to keep the adaptability they had when they were more youthful or they become burnout on the game. Another key term utilized is â€Å"burnout†. Burnout happens when the competitor either gets exhausted with the game or the outside pressure put on the competitor by guardians and mentors turns out to be a lot for the competitor to deal with and they drop out of the game. For the future this subject of game specialization will get apparent with the understudies and competitors that I will be over as an athletic chief. In secondary school I will see understudies either not having any desire to take an interest in sports because of their past involvement with sports or I will have understudies with steady wounds because of their specialization in a particular game. It is essential to ceaselessly be taking a gander at investigate so I can ideally teach my folks that I will be in contact with every day just as the mentors that I will speak with straightforwardly. It is fundamental that my folks comprehend the potential issues and issues sport specialization can have on their child or little girl. It is additionally going to require circumspection when I have these discussions with grown-ups. There should be comprehend that the guardians have relinquished a ton of cash, time, and miles with the goal that their youngster can prevail in sports. A few guardia ns might be available to hearing the exploration on the theme and others might be furious with even the proposal that what they are deciding to do with their kid isn't right. One thought is to post the exploration found on the school’s site alongside other significant issues found in schools and sports over the United States. This will permit the guardians the choice to comprehend themselves what the exploration is stating about explicit subjects, for example, sport specialization and it can assist them with settling on choices as indicated by what they decipher from the examination. It is perfect to entry level position with a nearby center school and secondary school athletic executive to perceive what their everyday life resembles during the school year and summer. This experience will help with the comprehension of dealings with different schools, planning of games and officials, dealings with competitors, mentors, and guardians straightforwardly, just as the stuff to be in a profoundly touted position. It would likewise be fascinating to pose inquiries of individuals in the athletic executive situation on extreme choices they have needed to settle on and why they picked one choice over the other. I anticipate the entry level position as a precious encounter that can respond to a great deal of inquiries just as show the intricate details of the stuff to be an athletic chief in the zone. Taking everything into account sport specialization is significant for any competitor to get world class. As the exploration brings up the crucial step is pinpointing the age at which a youngster ought to practice. The entire issue with specialization is raised on account of wellbeing. The most significant objective of any mentor, parent, or athletic executive is security. At the point when the wellbeing of the competitor is undermined it tends to be impeding to the competitors mind genuinely and truly. For whatever length of time that the athlete’s wellbeing is held in the most elevated respect then the activity is finished. Ideally as more research becomes known on sport specialization guardians, mentors, and athletic chiefs will utilize it to protect the competitor since life after games is a higher priority than the transient donning vocation most competitors will have. References AAP Advises Against Early Sports Specialization. (2000).Physician Sportsmedicine,28(8), 15. Serious Training and Sports Specialization in Young Athletes. (2000).Pediatrics,106(1), 154. Cook, J., Cobley, S., Fraser-Thomas, J. (2009). What do we think about early game specialization? Not much!.High Ability Studies,20(1), 77-89. doi:10.1080/13598130902860507 Bodey, K. J., Judge, L. W., Hoover, J. V. (2013). Specialization in Youth Sport: What Coaches Should Tell Parents.Strategies (08924562),26(1), 3-7. Callender, S. S. (2010). The Early Specialization of Youth in Sports.Athletic Training Sports Health Care: The Journal For The Practicing Clinician,2(6), 255-257. Capranica, L., Millard-Stafford, M. L. (2011). Youth Sport Specialization: How to Manage Competition and Training?.International Journal Of Sports Physiology Performance,6(4), 572-579. Christianson, P., Deutsch, J. (2012). Putting forth a Defense for Early Sport Specialization in Youth Athletes.Journal Of Youth Sports,6(2), 3-6. Clarke, N. J., Harwood, C. G. (2014). Child rearing encounters in world class youth football: A phenomenological study.Psychology Of Sport Exercise,15(5), 528-537. Gonã §alves, C. B., Rama, L. L., Figueiredo, A. B. (2012). Ability Identification and Specialization in Sport: An Overview of Some Unanswered Questions.International Journal Of Sports Physiology Performance,7(4), 390-393. Slope, G. M., Simons, J. (1989). An investigation of the game specialization on secondary school sports. Diary of Sport Social Issues, 13(1), 1-13. Leite, N. C., Sampaio, J. E. (2012). Long haul Athletic Development Across Different Age Groups and Gender from Portuguese Basketball Players.International Journal Of Sports Science Coaching,7(2), 285-300. McLeod, T. V., Decoster, L. C., Loud, K. J., Micheli, L. J., Parker, J. T., Sandrey, M. A., White, C. (2011). National Athletic Trainers Association Position Statement: Prevention of Pediatric Overuse Injuries.Journal Of Athletic Training (National Athletic Trainers Association),46(2), 206-220. Mostafavifar, A. M., Best, T. M., Myer, G. D. (2013). Early game specialization, does it lead to long haul problems?.British Journal Of Sports Medicine,47(17), 1060-1061. NYLAND, J. (201

London ranked the worlds best city for students

London ranked the worlds best city for students London: ranked the worlds best city for students London has come top in the latest ranking of world cities for university students, reports the BBC. Despite being one of the world’s most expensive cities to live in, London ranked extremely highly across numerous other variables. This included safety, student experience, job opportunities, culture and â€" perhaps most importantly â€" access to world-leading Higher Education institutions. The rankings are published by the prestigious Higher Education data analysis firm QS, which also â€" along with the Times â€" publishes one of the most frequently cited and highly regarded global university rankings tables. How reliable is the ranking? And what does it say about the student experience in London? Obviously, the rankings attempt to score and weight a lot of data that is, by its nature, difficult to quantify. The methodology page does make fascinating reading, though! QS used surveys in which students were asked to rate their experiences along with publicly available metrics including the Economy Intelligence Unit’s Liveability Index and the Globalization and World Cities index (GaWC), which itself is based on TripAdvisor rankings among other factors. Cities were also given a Corruption Score, scoring high marks on this index for low levels of public sector corruption according to Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index, and even a Pollution Score! Given that we can’t imagine London scored any better on the air quality front than it did for affordability, we can safely say that London must have scored very highly indeed on a number of the other metrics. Cities gained points for having high numbers of international students enrolled at their ranked institutions, for a high proportion of international students compared to the student population as a whole, and for tolerance and inclusion. It seems safe to conclude that London is a welcoming, diverse and tolerant environment for students of all backgrounds, which is just as well given the benefits that a diverse student body can bring to a community. What about other UK cities? Did they do well too? London isn’t the only city in the UK that ranks highly among global cities for students. Edinburgh is in 16th place, Manchester squeaks into the top 25, and Glasgow, Coventry, and Nottingham are all in the top 50. However, even though the UK is now home to the world’s best city for students, we remain behind other countries in terms of the number of British cities ranked among the top in the world. Australia (with Melbourne at 3 and Sydney at 9) and Germany (Munich at 6 and Berlin at 7) are each home to two top-10 cities, with Australia also boasting a further two cities in the top 25 (Brisbane and Canberra at 22 and 23 respectively). British cities outperform their US counterparts by some margin though. Boston is the highest US city at 13 in the list, while New York, the only other American city in the top 25, ranks 18th. What do these rankings mean for me? If you’re considering applying to go to university in a major global city, these rankings are well worth taking notice of. While only the biggest cities offered sufficient data to allow them to be ranked using QS’s methodology (just over 100 cities in total made the list), the city rankings offer a more complete picture of the different aspects of their experience that students value most. The rankings offer a fairly broad picture of the student experience and can’t of course be tailored to individual needs. Several of the world’s most expensive cities are grouped near the top, for example, so if affordability is important to you, it would be advisable to check how cities ranked according to that metric. And again, the links from QS’s methodology page have you covered if you want to dig further. But if you’re going to be far from home, feeling safe and welcome, and enjoying an inclusive and diverse environment with a rich set of art, culture and leisure opportunities, are all likely to be pretty important factors in staving off homesickness. The QS rankings shouldn’t make your decision about where to study by themselves, but they do offer a pretty good indication of the best places to be a student in 2018! The best university city also delivers the best model essays Oxbridge Essays are based in the heart of Central London, and are the UK's leading academic support service. We offer you tailored, professional essays within any subject area, that will be written to your exact specifications, by the best academic writers from the UK's top universities. Find out more You may also like... 5 reasons you need your work edited by an academic Understanding feedback from your essay marker Marking: from a marker’s perspective educationinternational studentslondonstudent experiencestudentsuniversityuniversity rankings

How Many Women Inventors are There

In 1809, Mary Dixon Kies received the first U. S. patent issued to a woman. Kies, a Connecticut native, invented a process for weaving straw with silk or thread. First Lady Dolley Madison praised her for boosting the nations hat industry. Unfortunately, the patent file was destroyed in the great Patent Office fire in 1836. Until about 1840, only 20 other U.S. patents were issued to women. The inventions related to apparel, tools, cook stoves, and fire places. Patents are the proof of ownership of an invention and only the inventor(s) can apply for a patent. In the past, women were not allowed equal rights of property ownership (patents are a form of intellectual property) and many women patented their inventions under their husbands or fathers names. In the past, women were also prevented from receiving the higher education necessary for inventing. (Unfortunately, some countries in the world today still deny women equal rights and an equal education.) Recent Statistics The women inventor patent share of annually granted U.S. origin patents rose from 2.6 percent in 1977 to 10.3 percent in 1998.The majority of the U.S. origin woman-inventor patents are in the chemical technologies.In 1996, 11.2 percent of the U.S. origin patent grants which were owned by the Federal Government at the time of grant included a woman inventor.In the past 20 years, about 83 percent of the U.S. origin patent grants to women were for utility patents, 16.5 percent for design patents, and 0.5 for plant patents.About 35 percent of the U.S. origin women inventors patents granted during the 1977 to 1996 period originated from California, New York, or New Jersey. Today, hundreds of thousands of women apply for and receive a patent every year. So the real answer to the question how many women inventors are there? is more than you can count and growing. About 20% of all inventors are currently female and that number should quickly rise to 50% over the next generation.

Karl Marx And The Rise Of Capitalism - 1911 Words

Karl Marx was the first in a series of 19th and 20th century theorists who started the call for an empirical approach to social science. Theorizing about the rise of modernity accompanied by the decline in traditional societies and advocating for a change in the means of production in order to enable social justice. Marx’s theories on modernity reveals his beliefs of modern society as being influenced by the advancement of productive forces of modern industry and the relationships of production between the capitalist and the wage laborers. The concept of modernity refers to a post-feudal historical period characterized by the move away from feudalism and toward capitalism. Modernity focuses on the affects that the rise of capitalism has had on social relations. This was noted by Karl Marx and Max Weber as influential theorists commenting on this. The swift advancement of major innovations after the Enlightenment period, known as modernity, stood in stark contrast to the increm ental development of even the most complex pre-modern societies. These societies saw productive forces develop at a sluggish pace, over hundreds or thousands of years, as compared to modern times, with its swift growth and change. This confounding contrast fascinated Marx, who then traced the spawning of modern capitalism in the Communist Manifesto. He cited this record speed as the heat which generated the creation of the global division of labor and a greater variety of productive forces than hadShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Capitalism : Karl Marx2134 Words   |  9 PagesKarl Marx is the first in a series of 19th and 20th century theorists who started the call for an empirical approach to social science. 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French And Indian War Essay - 960 Words

The French and Indian was a turning point in the American Revolution, and involved various countries around the globe. Many changes in the political lifestyle helped changed the colonies immensely. America wanted its independence more than ever after events that sparked a great shift between the 13 colonies and its mother country. Economic affairs were increasing because of the war and the need for products that the Americans were able to produce. The idea of wanting its independence from Britain was forced upon them after the French and Indian War when Americans felt that they were receiving unfair treatment from Great Britain. The French and Indian War altered British and American relations by changing the colonists beliefs in†¦show more content†¦The laws that Great Britain wanted to enforce politically were at much opposition to the American colonists. The economic control of the Colonies had lessened from British control after the war between the French and the Indians. First of all, Freedom of Press was being devoured by the British in an attempt to decrease their own debt. Document H shows emblems of death which most likely meant death to Freedom of Press, and other Freedoms the colonists wanted to be granted to them but couldnt because of things such as the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act was the first non-importation of British goods. English soldiers were not receiving the treatment that they felt was their right as explained in Document D. The British treated the colonists as though they were not worth the good food and liquor, and many colonists didnt want to fight for a country who was supposed to be their ally. Document F explained the British point of view after the war ended, and said how there was not a sufficient source of money being brought in. The British brought in many different types of taxation after that perio d in time. One of the many was known as the Townsend Act, which was a tax on colonial imports of lead, glass, paint, paper, and tea; resulting in second nonimportation act. The war by the French and the Indians drastically modified the economic power of the British over theShow MoreRelatedThe French And Indian War1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe French and India war was a war that took place in today’s Pittsburgh. The war was both caused by the English and French. The English and the French both felt that they were entitled to land and each was to willing to fight and they were also, willing to go into war so they could prove that they owned the land. 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Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay Example For Students

Epic Of Gilgamesh Essay We learn about ancient civilizations through literature, artifacts, and stories passed down from generation to generation. The Mesopotamian civilization is one of earth’s earliest civilizations, and it’s also one we know very little about. We can gather information about these people’s way life, beliefs, and geographical location. The Epic of Gilgamesh, a literary work from this time period, shows us several important pieces of information that helps us understand this ancient civilization. This epic shows us the Mesopotamian peoples belief system, their views on death, and their description of the after life. The Mesopotamian people believed in a higher being, like most civilizations have for centuries. Their belief system consisted of many gods, each representing an aspect of Mesopotamian life. From the Epic of Gilgamesh we learn that they believed that the gods are the creators of everything around them. This is seen in this epic with the creation of Enkindu, by the goddess of creation, Aruru. We also can conclude that the god of the heavens, Anu, ruled the gods. The Mesopotamian people also had gods for death, love, and even cattle. The Mesopotamian people used the gods to explain just about every aspect of their life. I would not like to be the partner, like Enkidu, of Gilgamesh because a leader is someone who you can put your trust into and Gilgamesh is not one of those people.English

atmoshpheric circulation essays

atmoshpheric circulation essays Atmospheric Circulation is a vital part of the Earths systems. Without it the system would not be complete. Not only does it complete the cycle it also keeps human, plants, and animals alive. When discussing atmospheric circulation there are two main points that need to be hit on and those are; the greenhouse effect, and its affect on global warming, and how global warming affects the Earth and its climate. First of all the understanding of the greenhouse effect is vital to all the other components of atmospheric circulation. The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere such as; water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, trap energy from the sun. Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earths average temperature would be about 60F colder. Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases. The greenhouse effect is used in greenhouses to grow plants, especially in the winter. Greenhouses work by trapping heat from the sun. The glass panels of the greenhouse let in light but keep heat from escaping. This causes the greenhouse to heat up and keeps the plants warm enough to live in the winter. The Earths atmosphere is all around us, it is the air that we breathe. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere behave much like the glass panes in a greenhouse. Sunl ight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the blanket of greenhouse gases. As it reaches the Earth's surface, land, water, and biosphere absorb the sunlights energy. Once absorbed, this energy is sent back into the atmosphere. Some of the energy passes back into space, but much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up. The greenhouse effect highly contributes to global warming. Many scientists have accepted the fact that greenhouse gases trap heat in the...

Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics essays

Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics essays In Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics, he expresses his opinions on the basis of thought through eudaimonia and arete. Eudaimonia is the goal of human conduct, or telos in Greek. In English, Eudaimonia translates into happiness, but Aristotle uses it as a well being through prospering and flourishing. To achieve this prospering and flourishing, one needs satisfaction of a job well done. Arete is excellence in fulfilling a function, also known as an ergon. Aristotle finds arete, or a virtue in all objects, animate and inanimate. Aristotle explains his view of the chief good throughout the Doctrine of the Mean, through the comparing and contrasting of virtues and vices. Aristotle begins Nicomachean Ethics with an explanation of the chief good. This good is presented by him through thoughts and theories of the Doctrine of the Mean. He states that all men who are in search of the good and knowledge of the good have a profound influence on life. He then writes how a good man, sets goals for himself on a specific task. This experience in the function of the task gives self satisfaction. An example used by Aristotle is a sculptor who participates in the art of sculpting. The end result of his sculpting is a beautiful piece of artwork. This proves that the function done by the sculptor makes him satisfied in performing the action. The final result is the chief good which is sought out by the man who is doing the activity. Aristotle believes that since the activity culminates the soul, it will have an end result in making the soul happy. Aristotles view in the Doctrine of the Mean on human virtue is split into two parts; intellectual and moral virtue. Intellectual virtue is birth and growth through teaching, experience, and time. Moral virtue comes as a result of habitual activities. He explains that there are three rules of moral virtue. The first ...

Ideology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ideology - Essay Example Of course, by its manifestations in every aspect of the material world including social structure and gender roles, ideology comes to have a material existence of its own (165). When I express 'my own thoughts' in 'my own words' I am greatly circumscribed by ideological norms about what I can express and how I can express it: whether to a single listener or to a global audience. By making visible the powerful influences on communication (the material relations between author and recipient; the choice of form and style as historically determined), the study of ideology enables a piece of communication to be viewed as a product of the status quo with which it dialectically engages. Language - whether verbal or nonverbal - is a system of symbols which are given meaning by mutual agreement. There is no universal physical reality to the representation of a particular entity by the word 'dog.' In the case of onomatopoeic words there is some auditory similarity between the represented sound and the representing word: e.g. 'bow wow' is a loose mimicry of a dog barking. But the vast majority of signifiers: words (me), signs (the exclamation point) and symbols (the Mitsubishi logo) are pure symbols: the signification is perfectly non-representative. The most sophisticated forms of communication are purely symbolic: the oldest known script, Sumerian hieroglyphics, began with representative drawings which became more and more stylised and symbolic. Of course, the non-universality of symbols is not obvious: when we learn a language we agree that 'dog' indicates a particular entity in the real world and that the purely arbitrary collection of symbols 'dog' is associated w ith particular ways of moving our articulators and producing sound. Is language then, artificial Noam Chomsky suggests that human beings are born with the inherent ability to imbibe language; and this ability seems to be universal. People can learn new languages well into late life and babies can acquire multiple languages simultaneously and apparently effortlessly. It is not language that is artificial but the particular significations (signifier-signified relationships) of any given language. This kind of artificiality typifies ideology or any of its components, for example the ascription of certain human qualities to inanimate entities (the rose as a symbol of love suggests something about the culture that accepts such a symbol). Any given communication, whether interpersonal or mass-scale, can then be viewed as an iceberg, with the bulk of meaning residing under the level of consciousness. A rose with its petals being torn off by the wind evokes strong emotions not attributable to the mere sensation of watching a flower being disassembled. The ro se is not 'saying' anything new; rather, its very presence and conditions call forth a predictable set of responses: to quote Barthes: "it comes and seeks me out in order to oblige me to acknowledge the body of intentions which have motivated it and arranged it there as the signal of an individual history, as a confidence and a complicity" (Mythologies 48). The tremendous importance of

IMC Tactics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IMC Tactics - Essay Example One of the IMC plans that the company uses is direct marketing. In direct marketing, the media are involved which directly convey their services to their target market. It entails magazines, radio, newspapers, and sponsorships (Pickton, 2001). The company uses this medium to convey their message of low prices to its clients. The company advertises in television at peak hours of viewing in order to target the larger segment of the market. New products that the company has launched are shown in the commercial with their features. The company also sponsors charity events and sports to earn that reputation as a large retailer that people appreciate and recognizes. The magazines and newspaper are used for similar purpose. Any new product that the company introduces with their respective pricelist is offered to the media. Their objective is not targeting the niche industry since the company targets the low and middle-income earners. Direct mailing is also an important medium for the compan y where it updates its customer about their products. Another plan for the company is through sales promotion. Walmart uses various methods and techniques to create interest and awareness in clients to purchase their products competitions. This is helpful because the strategy is helpful in boosting the company’s sales, where the clients are entering for the weekly and monthly prize draw offering various prizes. Products that are highly priced, the price value is normally high like continental holiday. Another sale promotion is points of sale, the range of new products are decorated in an interesting and attractive manner to catch the attention of customers and luring them to buy. Assuming the product is single and tends to occupy a small space it is normally placed at the counter. Additionally, the free sample testing is done by the company whenever a new product range is introduced in the market. The gifts are also

Transactional And Transformational Leadership

Transactional And Transformational Leadership Max Weber was the pioneer in developing theory of transactional and transformational leadership, but the theory was further explored by James MacGregor Burns (1978) to Bernard Bass (1985). According to Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), this theory is to explain how personality differences in leaders lead to either transactional or transformational leadership styles (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). According to Burns (1978) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), transactional leadership occurs when one takes the initiatives in making contacts with others for exchanging something valued. Whereas transformational leadership occurs when one focuses the needs, the beliefs, and the values of followers. According to Yukl (1981) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), transactional leadership involves exchange of information between superior and subordinates and influences each other reciprocally so that each derives something valued. In other words, it is a win-win situation for both superior and subordinates in getting something they valued. Kellerrmen (1984) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) claimed that both the transactional leaders and followers engage in mutual dependence in which the contributions of both sides are acknowledged and rewarded. However, leaders are still influential in making decision and the range is in the best interest of the followers. To be an effective transactional leader, they must regularly fulfill the needs and expectation of their followers. Thus an effective transactional leader is able to respond to the reactions and meet the expectation of their followers (Kellermen, 1984) in (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Although transactional leadership is described as exchanging valued outcomes, some literature review suggested that not all exchanges are equal. Graen et al. (1982) in Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) studied the impact on both high-quality and low-quality exchange relationship had on turnover rate of employees in an organization. The result of the study is that employees who engage in exchanging emotional support and resources (high-quality) were less likely to leave an organization compared to employees who engage in exchanging contractually agreed upon elements such as eight hours schedule per day (low-quality). Graen et al. (1982) suggested low-quality exchanges are based on goods or rights. In contrast, high-quality exchanges are based on interpersonal bond between leaders and followers. However in these exchanges, transactional leaders have to clarify the roles and task requirements followers must complete in order to reach to their personal goals and in the same time fulfill the missi on of the organization (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) also indicated that transformational leadership originates the personal values and beliefs of leaders, not involving any exchange of commodities between leaders and followers. Both Bass (1985) and Burns (1978) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) stated that transformational leaders demonstrate their deeply held personal value systems that include such values as justice and integrity. Burns (1978) refers these values were not exchangeable or negotiated between individuals. By expressing their values and specific standards, transformational leaders are able to unite followers and change followers goals and beliefs thus achieve organizational goals. This form of leadership results in higher achievement of performance among individuals (Bass, 1985) in (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) stated that transformational leaders gain their influence by displaying important personal characteristics. These personal characteristics in a leader were described by Bass (1985); some of them are intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, and level of charisma. According to Dionne et al. (2003) in Ismail et al. (2011), intellectual stimulation is viewed as a leader who cares about intelligence, rationality, logic and careful problem solving in an organization. Leaders stimulate followers to re-examine ways of doing things, use of rational thinking before taking actions. In addition, individualized consideration is viewed as leaders concern about their followers needs. Leaders encourage followers reach to their full potential through proper coaching and mentoring and link followers need to the organizational strategy and goals (Ismail et al., 2011). Thus, successful transformational leaders are able to articulate goals, build an image, demonstrate confidence and inspire followers. These behaviors can convince and motivate followers without exchanging for goods or rights, which characterizes transactional leaders (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). 5.2 Interactions between Transactional and Transformational Leadership According to Hamilton (2010), Bass (1985) proposed that: there are situations in which the transformational approach may not be appropriate, [and that] organizations need to draw more on the resources of charismatic leaders, who often can induce followers to aspire to and maintain much higher levels of productivity than they would have reached if they had been operating only through the transactional process (Bass, 1985, p. 40) in (Hamilton, 2010). Bass (1999) also indicated that there are plenty of works needed to be done in order to have confidence in full range of transactional and transformational leadership (Bass, 1985, p. 10) in (Hamilton, 2010). To show how transformational leadership and transactional leadership interact with one another, a research has been conducted by Corrigan and Garman (1999) as cited by Hamilton (2010). This study was about how the two (transactional and transformational leadership) interact within the realm of team leadership. Researchers explored how transformational and transactional leadership skills are needed to develop team cohesion. In this study, team leaders needed to have transformational skills: inspiration and charisma, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration (Corrigan et al., 1999, p. 304) in (Hamilton, 2010) that allowed them to inspire team members and help the team move forward with creative problem solving. This motivational need and focus requires the leaders to not only exhibit transformational skills but transactional skills. In making transactions, the leaders had three goals which are clarifying expectations, motivating improvement, and recognizing achievement s (Corrigan et al., 1999, p. 308) in (Hamilton, 2010). Transactional skills are needed to help maintain effective programs. The interaction between transactional and transformational skills were valuable for leaders in which they utilized skills, which allowed them to meet both present and future needs of team members and organization (Hamilton, 2010). It was concluded that a manager can be both transformational and transactional leader depending on various situations. It results in more effective leadership behaviour of leaders in an organization (Hamilton, 2010). 5.3 Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Organizational Commitment 5.3.1 Employee Attitude and Customer Satisfaction Mowday et al. (1979) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) found that organizational commitment reflects employees identification and involvement. To be more specific, it holds three dimensions: a strong belief in and acceptance of organizations goals and values; a willingness to exert considerable effort on behalf of the organization; and a strong desire to maintain membership in an organization (Mowday et al., 1979) in (Emery et al., 2007). According to Emery et al. (2007), there are several findings indicated there are positive relationship between a persons willingness to participate in quality improvement efforts and organizational commitment. Morris (1995) in Emery et al. (2007) found that employee job satisfaction is one of the critical factors in delivering satisfaction to customers. In addition, it also concluded that employee job satisfaction comes from: the job itself, supervisor relationship, management beliefs, future opportunity, works environment, pay/ benefits/ rewards, and co-worker relationships (Morris, 1995) in (Emery et al., 2007). Another study of retail banking industry, Brown and Mitchell (1993) in Emery et al. (2007) found that job dissatisfaction of customer contact personnel was positively correlated with lower customer satisfaction. In addition, there is a similar research has been conducted by Atkins et al. (1996) in Emery et al. (2007), authors examined level of customer satisfaction by nurses services at a major Midwestern hospital, the correlation between nurses job satisfaction and patients recommendation of which units they preferred was .85 (Atkins et al., 1996) in (Emery et al., 2007). 5.3.2 The correlation between Leaderships and Organizational Commitment According to the research done by Emery et al. (2007), the purpose of this study is to examine the connection between transactional and transformational leadership and job satisfaction and employee commitment. The results indicated that transformational leadership was found to have higher correlation with job satisfaction and employee commitment compared to transactional leadership. Bass (1985) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) indicated that transformational leaders are likely to find more acceptances in an organization, where receptivity to change and a propensity for risk taking are available. However, leaders who question the status quo of an organization which bound by tradition, rules and sanctions may be viewed as too unsettling or anxious thus perceived as inappropriate. Thus, open to creative suggestion, innovation and risk taking may be more conducive to transformational leadership compared to challenge the status quo of an organization (Emery et al., 2007). Bass (1985) suggested that transactional leadership are preferred over in service sectors such as banking sector. However, Emery et al. (2007) found that the employees in banking sectors preferred transformational leadership. It could be explained that the system of reinforcement in mechanistic organization is so thoroughly entrenched in the organizational structures, which leaders do not need to provide contingent reinforcement. Emery et al. (2007) found that charisma is preferred beyond contingent-reward behaviour in relation to leader effectiveness. These findings are consistent with other researches done by Hater and Bass (1988) and Waldmen et al. (1987) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) where it had demonstrated the importance of charismatic leadership in level of organizational commitment. However, Emery et al. (2007) failed to support that the charisma is only important at the highest management levels. It is due to lower-level managers somehow comply with the decisions of the higher-level charismatic leaders by receiving contingent rewards. Another finding by Emery et al. (2007) indicated that there are no gender differences in terms of magnitude and preference of particular leadership styles. Female managers are equally display transformational style as males, both males and females managers exhibit similar level of charisma, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration. This study by Emery et al. (2007) supports the use of transformational leadership to increase job satisfaction and organizational commitment of customer contact personnel. These findings become more significant as service corporations attempt to empower their employees and strive to retain customers through relationship strategies. Another evidence is that result indicated that transformational leadership and particularly charismatic is preferred by employees although they received low paid in an organization. According to Emery et al. (2007), employees place a great deal of trust in their leaders judgment; they adopt leaders values and form strong emotional ties to the leader. Leaders personal characteristics are directly support the dimension of service quality (Parasuraman et al., 1988) in (Emery et al., 2007). According to Bass (1994; 1999), Howell and Avolio (1993) and Ismail et al. (2010) as cited by Ismail et al. (2011), since it is an era of global competition, many organizations shift the paradigms of their leadership styles from transactional to transformational leadership as a way to achieve their strategies and goals. Transformational leaders are effective leaders that develop their followers full potential, higher needs and motivate them to unite, link their goals to organizational goals and beliefs (Ismail et al., 2011).

Integration of Social Media, Ethics, and Privacy Policies In the Emplo

Introduction The year is 2013, so there is no surprise that the general public use technology for the majority of our daily lives. We use it for entertainment, business, and day-to-day communication. We also use it to keep in touch with family, friends and old acquaintances. Technology has especially been beneficial for the workplace. Telecommuting and teleconferences are just a couple of alternatives to old fashioned face-to-face business. This, and the rise of various social media sites throughout the past decade has shaped the modern business world. Through these sites, people can share interests, opinions, life events, and random day-to-day activities immediately. With the social media movement growing rapidly every day, the amount of information flowing through cyber space has become harder to contain and protect. To many, privacy is now considered a lost concept. Social media has also become an important tool to use in business and hiring processes. In the minds of human resource departments everywhere, social media sites can be considered a helpful one-stop shop for determining whether or not a candidate is ideal for employment. Sites such as Facebook, for example, can provide employers with insight into a potential employee’s pastimes with a few clicks. A few searches can shed light on violent tendencies, or one’s history with past bosses, supervisors and others in higher positions. Discovering information like these can affect a candidate’s persona and the employer’s initial hiring decisions. White 2 There are many impending questions regarding using social media as a selection tool. First, is it ethical? Does the employee have a right to know if their online profiles are being searched? Are they required to give their ... ..." Labor Law Journal (n.d.): 86-102. Business Source Complete. Web. 25 Oct. 2013. Genova, Gina L. "No Place to Play: Current Employee Privacy Rights In Social Networking Sites." Business Communication Quarterly (2009): 97-101. Business Source Complete. Web. 25 Oct. 2013. McGarvey Hidy, Kathleen, and Mary Sheila E. McDonald. "Risky Business: The Legal Implications of Social Media's Increasing Role In Employment Decisions." Journal of Legal Studies in Business 18 (2013): 69-107. Business Source Complete. Web. 25 Oct. 2013. Mello, Jeffrey A. "Social Media, Employee Privacy and Concerted Activity: Brave New World of Big Brother?" Labor Law Journal (2012): 165-73. Business Source Complete. Web. 25 Oct. 2013. Rao, Pramila. "Are Social Networking Sites Good Recruitment Sources?" Clashing Views in Human Resource Management. New York City: McGraw-Hill, 2011. N. pag. Print.

Media Manipulation

There are certain negative roles of Pakistani media . Medal Is negatively manipulating the Interests of the people. People of Pakistan are yet not critical / educated enough to realize this manipulation / twisting of facts. There is a famous dictum that â€Å"a lie spoken 100 times becomes greater than a truth† Pakistani media is also blamed for overwhelming negative exaggeration. It glossaries issues, resorts to negative exaggeration of matters, newspaper headlines are depicting violence, etc all this demoralizes the nation.At times news are given without authentication / confirmation. Unethical material / photographs / scenes are shown on our media promoting popularization. Medal Is damaging basic fiber of our nation and has created a crisis of miss identification. Our initial investigation into the topic of truth manipulation began by conducting a ‘cultural probe', followed by an extensive literature review from various sources. Further primary methods such as surveys , questionnaires and focus groups may be used to further enhance our learning and knowledge.User testing will be used during the design development stage to determine if the target market is receptive to NY developed outcomes. Our aim is to equip the public with knowledge as to the ways and means the media uses to Influence their opinions. This will open up the option for our target market to form their own opinions on Issues, rather than taking the political or social stallion at TTS alliance. t TN ten meal wellness to Insult II upon I Following on from semesters group discussions, we begin by discussing and looking into issues concerning our views and perceptions of communication.Self-promotion and publishing, via the forming of new media outlets such as You Tube, My space, Face book and web logs has recently provided an alternative to the traditional way of receiving news information. The idea of creating and selecting the kind of information we wish to enrich ourselves with has steadily become more attractive as of late. With such a dynamic flow of information happening around the globe, North Korea somehow stands out in its shelter.. We, as a eastern society, on the other hand are exposed to various kinds of information on a daily basis.Up to 3000 advertising messages per day to be precise. We cannot walk around a block without being attracted to buy a certain product, use form of service, or have a particular view. There is an absolute abundance of options. But are we really free to choose? Who is it to say that our source of information does not choose our information for us? Are we, despite having freedom of choice, not at all This idea formed the basis of our selected topic of research and led to the exploration of truth manipulation in the current media landscape.AIMS & OBJECTIVES Firstly to create awareness amongst the public about techniques employed by media corporation to spin truths and push their political and social agendas and opinions upon s ociety. Then to equip the audience with necessary means in order to defend themselves against truth manipulation in the current media landscape. The objective is not to dictate views or opinions but to encourage a critical perspective when listening to, reading and taking in news and current affairs information.We would like to encourage the audience to think for themselves, form their own opinions and draw logical conclusions from the media they absorb. PURPOSE, NEED & SIGNIFICANCE As a consumer driven society, the public are often immature to the variety of ethos employed by media giants in order to influence opinions to support with their own agendas. Many of these cooperation's have continuously dishonored their responsibility to serve public interest and raise unbiased awareness of news and current issues.As time progresses, and sophistication in technology becomes more and more advanced, consumers are becoming more at risk to truth manipulation as they do not nave ten addle TT Y to Keep up Witt meal movements I Nils provokes ten meal giants with the opportunity to force their opinions and as a result the unsuspecting public come more susceptible to the success of the medias deeds. This is a demoralizing factor in today's society, as society puts a certain amount of trust into the media and hope that what they are delivering is authentic and unaltered information rather than issues that have been fictitious to benefit secondary needs.This is where the public are being misled. What is needed to overcome these troubling issues is a raise in public awareness. Propaganda and truth manipulation must be exposed so the public are able to see that the information they receive is not necessary the whole truth. Once this occurs, e as a society will be better equipped to form our own opinions, and perhaps even regain some power over media giants. Grassroots is where this movement must begin and it is our aim to assist such a cause. RESEARCH METHODS This project cente rs around research and investigation.In order to absorb and analyze as much information as possible on the chosen topic of truth manipulation, we have decided to employ several vastly different research methods. Initial investigation began by conducting a ‘cultural probe'. This method is a first- hand data gathering attempt. The exercise involved using five people to participate in series of news, media and communication related activities. The aim of this method is more about gathering inspiration than information. The outcomes and results of this method are outlined below in the section entitled ‘Cultural Probe Results'.Secondary research took the form of a literature review, as included on the following pages. Each group member selected or was assigned a series of literature and information sources to investigate and report. Sources included documentaries, films, publications, Journals, articles, case studies and electronic resources. Both global and local issues were explored. This form of research aided a better understanding of our topic, and helped us form individual and collective opinions of the issues arising. The outcome is the following argumentative essay.At the point of writing this research proposal, third and fourth methods of investigation are being discussed. Further primary methods such as surveys, questionnaires and focus groups may be used to further enhance our learning and knowledge. User testing will be used during the design development stage to determine if the target market are receptive to any developed outcomes. Major meal corporation's use tenet power Ana meal outlets to portray an oaten hidden political or social agenda. To do so they spin and manipulate truths, molding information to suit their cause.Authenticity of information is lost owing to this trend, and it has become increasingly difficult for the public to separate fact from fabricated fiction and false, misleading information. The media has a role to portray true and relevant information and so serve public interest. This idea is seemingly lost on many media giants who are more focused on profit and swaying opinion than delivering a realistic and reasonable account of rent affairs and issues. This goes against the Journalistic promise to honor societies right to true and honest information.

The Suicide Prevention Awareness Clinic Essay - 1501 Words

Suicide is still a major public health problem in the United States today. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) documents several disturbing statistics on suicide in America. The most significant one being that suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death in the United States across all age groups. (D’Orio, 2004) What most people don’t understand is that people who commit suicide are suffering from some sort of mental illness. Most people often see mental illness as a character flaw. People with mental illness are judged, misunderstood, often looked at as easy targets, and failures. What people do not understand is that any form of mental illness can lead to suicide. When it comes to suicide, people who attempt or take their life are afraid to ask for help because of being judged or misunderstood, and their families are left asking â€Å"why didn’t they ask for help?† That is where my company comes in. The Suicide Prevention Awareness Clinic for Everyone, also known as The SPACE, is a crisis clinic that plans help those that are struggling in many ways, like house calls, phone consults, group sessions, and even office visits. We also want to get their families involved to help them get through this struggle, letting them know that they are not alone in this world. We will provide a number of different services related to intervening in a crisis. Crisis centers offer services such as suicide prevention hotlines, grief and bereavement counseling, survivor supportShow MoreRelatedSuicide Is A Serious Issue1679 Words   |  7 PagesSuicide is one of the largest social problems today affecting many lives in one way or another. It is a serious issue with multiple contributors that have been elusive in many cases as we try to understand why many younger people are choosing to end their lives instead of receive the help they need. 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